Inspired by the natural biological materials, such as the spider silk, lotus root silk, shells, Cheng’s group is focused on bioinspired polymer nanocomposites, including assembly, design and physical properties investigation. Different nanomaterials, such as montmorillonite (MMT), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene oxide (GO), are utilized as building blocks for constructing polymer nanocomposites. The bioinspired polymer nanocomposites with integrated strength and toughness are achieved via interface design. Furthermore, the synergistic toughening ternary nanocomposites are constructed, resulting in multifunctions, such as fire-retardant, anti-fatigue, etc.